Travel Guide to Spain

Spain stands as one of Europe's most diverse and captivating travel destinations, offering an extraordinary blend of history, culture, cuisine, art, and natural beauty. From Madrid's world-class museums and Barcelona's architectural wonders to Andalusia's flamenco culture, from the beautiful coastlines of the Costa del Sol to the rugged mountains of the Pyrenees, Spain offers an incredible diversity of experiences.

Most trips to Spain naturally revolve around several pillars: cultural and historical experiences, world-class cuisine, art and architecture, beautiful coastlines and islands, and vibrant city life. The fun is in how you combine these pieces into your own itinerary.

Spain's major cities are vibrant hubs of activity, each with its own distinct character. Madrid feels like a sophisticated capital with world-class museums, while Barcelona offers unique architecture and a Mediterranean vibe.

• Madrid – Spain's capital and largest city, with over 3.2 million residents. You'll find world-class museums, royal palaces, excellent food, and vibrant nightlife.
• Barcelona – Spain's second-largest city and capital of Catalonia, known for Gaudí's architecture, beautiful beaches, and unique culture.
• Seville – the capital of Andalusia, famous for flamenco, beautiful architecture, and rich history.
• Valencia – Spain's third-largest city, known for futuristic architecture, beautiful beaches, and being the birthplace of paella.
• Granada – famous for the Alhambra, a stunning Moorish palace complex.

• First-timer tip:** A classic intro itinerary is 3–4 days in Madrid, 3–4 days in Barcelona, and 2–3 days in Seville or Granada. This gives you a great mix of art, architecture, culture, and history.

Spain's historical side is rich and diverse, from Roman ruins to Moorish palaces to Gothic cathedrals. Here, you'll walk past ancient Roman aqueducts, medieval castles, and Renaissance palaces that have survived for centuries.

• Granada – home to the Alhambra, one of the world's most beautiful palaces.
• Seville – features the Alcázar, a stunning royal palace with Moorish and Renaissance elements.
• Toledo – a perfectly preserved medieval city, former capital of Spain.
• Córdoba – famous for the Mezquita, a mosque-cathedral with stunning architecture.
• Santiago de Compostela – the end of the famous Camino de Santiago pilgrimage route.

Just a short distance from the big cities, Spain offers beautiful coastlines, mountain ranges, and islands. The country has over 3,000 miles of coastline and two major island groups.

• Costa del Sol – popular Mediterranean coastline with beautiful beaches and resorts.
• Costa Brava – rugged coastline in Catalonia with charming fishing villages.
• Balearic Islands – Mallorca, Menorca, Ibiza, and Formentera offer beautiful beaches and vibrant nightlife.
• Canary Islands – year-round warm weather, volcanic landscapes, and beautiful beaches.
• Pyrenees – mountain range offering skiing, hiking, and stunning scenery.
• Sierra Nevada – Spain's highest mountain range, with skiing and hiking.

Many travelers find that one or two nights on an island or coastal resort end up being some of the most relaxing and memorable parts of their trip.

Spain's cultural experiences go far beyond sightseeing. Many traditions are still part of everyday life, meaning you're not just looking at history – you're stepping into living culture.

• Prado Museum (Madrid) – one of the world's greatest art museums, home to works by Velázquez, Goya, and El Greco.
• Reina Sofía Museum (Madrid) – modern art including Picasso's Guernica.
• Sagrada Familia (Barcelona) – Gaudí's unfinished masterpiece, a unique architectural wonder.
• Alhambra (Granada) – magnificent Moorish palace and fortress complex.
• Mezquita (Córdoba) – stunning mosque-cathedral with unique architecture.

These sites often include beautifully preserved architecture, world-class art collections, and cultural centers, making them ideal for slow exploration and photography.

Spain's musical culture is legendary, especially flamenco, which originated in Andalusia. Experiencing it firsthand is a unique aspect of visiting Spain.

• Flamenco shows – authentic performances in Seville, Granada, and throughout Andalusia.
• Flamenco museums – learn about the history and culture of flamenco.
• Traditional festivals – many cities have annual festivals with music and dance.

Spain's culinary culture is diverse and excellent. Spanish cuisine varies by region, and experiencing it firsthand is essential.

• Tapas – small plates meant for sharing, a Spanish dining tradition.
• Paella – Valencia's famous rice dish.
• Regional specialties – each region has its own distinct cuisine.
• Wine regions – Rioja, Ribera del Duero, and others offer wine tours and tastings.
• Sangria and tinto de verano – refreshing Spanish drinks.

• Siesta culture – many shops close in the afternoon for a break (though less common in major cities).
• Late dining – Spaniards typically eat dinner around 9–10 PM.
• Festivals – Spain has countless festivals throughout the year, from Las Fallas in Valencia to Running of the Bulls in Pamplona.
• Football culture – Spain is passionate about football (soccer), with world-famous clubs like Real Madrid and FC Barcelona.

Despite its image as a highly urbanized country, Spain is remarkably rich in natural beauty. The country offers diverse landscapes from coastlines to mountains to islands.

• Costa del Sol** is Spain's most famous coastline, offering:
• Beautiful beaches and popular resorts
• Year-round pleasant weather
• Water sports and activities
• Charming coastal towns

• Costa Brava** offers:
• Rugged coastline with cliffs and coves
• Charming fishing villages
• Beautiful beaches
• Excellent seafood

• Balearic Islands** offer:
• Beautiful beaches and crystal-clear water
• Vibrant nightlife (especially Ibiza)
• Charming old towns
• Water sports and activities

• Pyrenees** offer:
• World-class skiing in winter
• Excellent hiking in summer
• Stunning alpine scenery
• Border with France

• Sierra Nevada** offers:
• Spain's highest peaks
• Skiing and snowboarding
• Hiking and mountaineering
• Beautiful alpine lakes

• Picos de Europa** offers:
• Dramatic mountain scenery
• Excellent hiking
• Traditional mountain villages
• Unique wildlife

• Canary Islands** offer:
• Year-round warm weather
• Volcanic landscapes
• Beautiful beaches
• Unique flora and fauna

Spain's climate varies by region, but generally offers pleasant weather year-round. When you visit dramatically shapes what you see – and what you pay.

Spring (March–May) brings mild weather and many festivals: - Pleasant temperatures perfect for walking - Lower crowds before summer peak - Many festivals including Semana Santa (Holy Week) - Beautiful blooms and flowers

Summer brings beach weather, festivals, and peak tourism: - Spanish coastlines and islands are packed - Long days perfect for sightseeing - Highest prices and largest crowds - Many festivals and events

Autumn (September–November) brings cooler temperatures and wine harvest season: - Grape harvest in wine regions - Pleasant weather for exploring - Lower crowds after summer - Cultural events and festivals

Winter (December–February) is prime time for skiing and lower prices: - World-class skiing in the Pyrenees and Sierra Nevada - Lower prices (except ski resorts) - Mild weather in southern regions - Christmas markets and festivals

Spain is excellent for active travelers, with options in every season.

• Skiing & snowboarding – world-class resorts in the Pyrenees and Sierra Nevada
• Hiking – excellent trails throughout the country, especially in national parks
• Cycling – popular activity with dedicated bike paths and routes
• Water sports – sailing, diving, and water activities on the coast and islands
• Rock climbing – excellent climbing in various mountain areas

Madrid is Spain's capital and largest city, with around 3.2 million residents. It's the country's political, economic, and cultural center.

• Key districts include:
• Prado Museum area** – world-class art museums
• Royal Palace** – official residence of the Spanish royal family
• Retiro Park** – beautiful park in the city center
• Plaza Mayor** – historic main square
• Gran Vía** – famous shopping and entertainment street
• Malasaña** – trendy neighborhood with great nightlife
• Chueca** – LGBTQ+ friendly neighborhood

Madrid also has one of the world's best food scenes, with everything from Michelin-starred restaurants to incredible tapas bars.

Barcelona is Spain's second-largest city and the capital of Catalonia, known for its unique architecture, beautiful beaches, and vibrant cultural scene.

• Sagrada Familia – Gaudí's unfinished masterpiece
• Park Güell – colorful park designed by Gaudí
• Las Ramblas – famous pedestrian boulevard
• Gothic Quarter – historic medieval neighborhood
• Barceloneta Beach – popular city beach
• Casa Batlló and Casa Milà – other Gaudí architectural wonders
• FC Barcelona – world-famous football club

Barcelona's food scene is excellent, especially for Catalan cuisine and fresh seafood.

Seville is the capital of Andalusia, known for flamenco culture, beautiful architecture, and rich history.

• Seville Cathedral – largest Gothic cathedral in the world
• Alcázar of Seville – stunning royal palace
• Flamenco shows – experience authentic flamenco
• Plaza de España – magnificent square
• Barrio Santa Cruz – charming historic Jewish quarter
• April Fair – famous annual festival

Seville offers excellent Andalusian cuisine, especially tapas and local specialties.

Valencia is Spain's third-largest city, known for its futuristic architecture, beautiful beaches, and being the birthplace of paella.

• City of Arts and Sciences – futuristic architectural complex
• Valencia Cathedral – home to the Holy Grail
• La Lonja de la Seda – UNESCO World Heritage silk exchange
• Beaches – beautiful Mediterranean coastline
• Paella – taste authentic paella in its birthplace
• Las Fallas – famous annual festival

Valencia offers excellent food, especially paella and fresh seafood.

Granada is famous for the Alhambra, a stunning Moorish palace complex, and its unique blend of cultures.

• Alhambra – magnificent Moorish palace and fortress
• Generalife Gardens – beautiful palace gardens
• Albaicín – historic Moorish quarter
• Sacromonte – traditional gypsy quarter with cave houses
• Granada Cathedral – Renaissance cathedral
• Tapas culture – free tapas with drinks

Granada offers excellent food, especially tapas and local specialties.

Accommodation prices vary by season, city, and type of property, but the ranges below offer a solid starting point for budgeting.

• Hostel dorm beds: €15–€35 per night (roughly US$17–39)
• Private rooms in hostels: €35–€70 per night (US$39–77)
• Budget hotels: €40–€80 per night (US$44–88)
• Guesthouses: €50–€100 per night (US$55–110)

• Standard hotels: Single rooms around €80–€150 per night (US$88–165); double rooms around €100–€200 (US$110–220)
• Boutique hotels: Well-appointed rooms with character, often include breakfast
• Mid-range apartments: €90–€180 per night (US$99–198) for self-catering options

These options are common in major cities and tourist areas; rooms are often compact but well-equipped with modern amenities.

• High-end city hotels: Deluxe rooms at roughly €200–€500 per night (US$220–550); suites can run €500–€1,500+ (US$550–1,650+)
• Luxury resorts (especially on coast): €300–€1,000+ per night (US$330–1,100+)
• Parador hotels: Historic buildings converted to luxury hotels, €150–€400 per night (US$165–440)

• Peak seasons: Summer (July–August), Easter, Christmas/New Year can push prices to 150–250% of low-season baselines
• Coastal areas spike significantly during summer
• Off-season: January–March, November usually offer more availability and better prices

Citizens of many countries can enter Spain visa-free for short stays (typically up to 90 days) for tourism or business as part of the Schengen Area. This includes visitors from:

• The United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, Australia, New Zealand
• Most European Union countries
• Japan, South Korea, Singapore, and others

Visa-free entry generally does not allow paid work.

Spain is part of the Schengen Area. For visa-required nationalities:

• Schengen visa allows travel throughout the Schengen Area
• Minimum medical coverage: €30,000 required for visa applications
• Proof of insurance may be requested at border control
• Processing typically takes 5–15 business days

For stays longer than 90 days: - Long-stay visa required - May require proof of financial means - Health insurance typically required for the full duration - Different requirements for work, study, or retirement visas

Spain has an excellent public healthcare system, but visitors typically need private insurance or pay out-of-pocket for medical care.

• Doctor visit: €50–€100 (US$55–110)
• Emergency room visit: €150–€400 (US$165–440)
• Hospital stay: €600–€1,500 per day (US$660–1,650)
• Emergency surgery: €5,000–€20,000+ (US$5,500–22,000+)
• Prescription medications: €10–€50 (US$11–55)

• Routine cleaning: €40–€80 (US$44–88)
• Filling: €60–€150 (US$66–165)
• Root canal: €300–€800 (US$330–880)
• Crown: €500–€1,500 (US$550–1,650)

In serious cases, the most expensive part may not be treatment in Spain but medical evacuation to your home country.

• Air ambulance to the US: roughly US$150,000–300,000
• Commercial flight with medical escort: about US$15,000–50,000 if the patient is stable

Major cities such as Madrid, Barcelona, and Seville have hospitals and clinics that serve international patients. Many list English-speaking departments or provide interpretation services.

In an emergency, you can call 112 for all emergency services. Operators often have access to English support, especially in major cities.

Given the cost of medical care and the potential expense of evacuation, comprehensive travel insurance is strongly recommended for trips to Spain – even for short, healthy vacations.

• Medical Coverage
• Recommended minimum: about US$100,000 in medical coverage
• For older travelers or those with health conditions, consider US$250,000 or more
• Confirm whether pre-existing conditions are covered

• Medical Evacuation & Repatriation
• Look for at least US$250,000 in evacuation coverage
• Ensure the policy covers evacuation to the nearest appropriate facility and repatriation to your home country

• Trip Cancellation & Interruption
• Protects non-refundable costs like flights, hotels, and tours
• Consider "Cancel For Any Reason" (CFAR) upgrades for maximum flexibility

• Adventure & Winter Sports Coverage
• Standard policies may exclude skiing, snowboarding, and other higher-risk activities
• If your trip centers around ski resorts or adventure activities, check that these are included

• Medical: food-related issues, minor accidents, winter sports injuries, slips and falls
• Trip interruption: flight disruptions, family emergencies back home
• Baggage: lost or delayed luggage on flights; occasional theft of cameras, phones, or laptops

When comparing policies, focus on: - Medical and evacuation limits - How pre-existing conditions are handled - Which activities are included versus excluded - Deductibles and co-pays - Reputation for handling claims

For most visitors focused on cities and light sightseeing, a mid-to-high tier comprehensive policy with strong medical and evacuation coverage is ideal. For winter sports or adventure trips, prioritize policies specifically built for those activities.

Spain offers an extraordinary combination of history, culture, cuisine, art, and natural beauty. With thoughtful planning around seasons, accommodation, visa rules, healthcare costs, and travel insurance, you can maximize enjoyment and minimize surprises.

Whether you're exploring Madrid's museums, admiring Barcelona's architecture, experiencing flamenco in Seville, or relaxing on the Costa del Sol, Spain is the kind of destination that stays with you long after you fly home.